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| Agent | Source | Incubation period | Symptoms & usual duration |
| Salmonella | Raw meat, poultry, eggs, unpasteurised milk, pets, terrapins, infected food handlers. | 6-72 hours; usually 12-36 hours | Diarrhoea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain 1-5 days |
| Campylobacter | Raw meat, poultry, raw/bird pecked milk, untreated water, pets. | 1-11 days; usually 2-5 days | Abdominal pain, diarrhoea 2-5 days |
Listeria Monomctogenes | Found in environment, cattle, sheep, silage, unpasteurised milk products including soft cheeses, pates. | Variable; usually 4-21 days | Fever, affects central nervous system Variable |
Staphylococcus aureus | Human nose, mouth, cuts and wounds. | 1-7 hours; usually 2-4 hours | Vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fainting 6-24 hours |
Clostridium Perfringens | Faeces of animal and man, soil (on vegetable), dust, sewage. | 8-22 hours; usually 12-18 hours | Diarrhoea, abdominal pain 12-48 hours |
Bacillus cereus (toxin in food) | Cereal products, especially rice, spices, dust, soil. | 1-5 hours | Vomiting, abdominal pain, some diarrhoea 1-2 days |
Bacillus cereus (toxin in gut) | Cereal products, especially rice, spices, dust, soil. | 8-16 hours | Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, some vomiting 1-2 days |
Vibrio Paraheamolyticus | Sea water, shellfish. | 2-48 hours; usually 10-18 hours | Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, some vomiting 2-5 days |
| Escherichia coli (infective) | Aminal origins - cattle, sheep, humans, sewage, meat & raw milk. | 12-72 hours; usually 12-24 hours | Diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fever 2-3 days |
| Clostridium botulinum | Soil, meat, fish and vegetables | 8 hours to 8 days; usually 12-36 hours | Central nervous system (difficulty breathing, double vision, nerve paralysis), diarrhoea, vomiting Variable can be fatal |
| Chemicals (e.g. metallic poisons, pesticides, etc) | ingestion of chemical or food in contact with material | Less than 1 hours | Vomiting, abdominal pain, possibly effects on central nervous system |
| Poisonous plants/animals | ingestionof plant/animal or food that has been in contact with them | Less than 15 hours | Vomiting, abdominal pain, possibly effects on central nervous system |
| Norwalk Virus | could be air or food bourne | 24-48 hours | Vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain |
External links:
Health Protection Agency A-Z infectious diseases
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